Contoh soal toefl pbt model lama section Reading Comprehension part 1 short text passage beserta jawaban dan pembahasan jawaban
Soal:
The term “design” is commonly used in many contexts, from fashion to engineering. In essence, design refers to the process of creating something new or improving upon an existing product or system. At its core, design involves identifying a problem or need, brainstorming potential solutions, and then implementing the most effective solution. The goal of design is to create a product or system that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The definition of design
B. The importance of aesthetics in design
C. The different contexts in which design is used
D. The process of designing a product or system
Jawaban: D (The process of designing a product or system)
Pembahasan Jawaban:
The passage discusses the definition and process of design, but the main focus is on the process of designing a product or system. The passage describes the steps involved in designing and improving a product or system, including identifying a problem, brainstorming solutions, and implementing the most effective solution. Therefore, the main idea of the passage is the process of designing a product or system, making answer choice D the correct answer. Answer choices A, B, and C are all mentioned in the passage, but they are not the main focus or main idea.
Berikut ini adalah contoh soal TOEFL PBT model lama section Reading Comprehension part 2 yang berisi long text passage beserta jawaban dan pembahasan jawaban:
Passage:
Pluto, once thought to be the ninth planet in our solar system, was reclassified as a "dwarf planet" in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). This decision was made after the discovery of several other celestial bodies in the same region of the solar system as Pluto, including Eris, which is about the same size as Pluto.
The IAU defines a planet as a celestial body that orbits the sun, is spherical in shape, and has "cleared the neighborhood" around its orbit. This means that a planet must be the dominant object in its orbit and must have cleared away any other objects in its path. Pluto does not meet this last criterion, as it shares its orbit with other objects in the Kuiper Belt.
The reclassification of Pluto was a controversial decision, as it had been considered a planet since its discovery in 1930. Many people, including some astronomers, felt that Pluto should have been grandfathered in as a planet, as its status had been accepted for so long. However, the IAU's decision was based on scientific criteria and was supported by a majority of the organization's members.
Questions:
What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The discovery of Eris
B. The controversy surrounding Pluto's reclassification
C. The definition of a planet
D. The history of Pluto's status as a planet
Jawaban: C. The definition of a planet
Pembahasan: Paragraf pertama memberikan informasi bahwa Pluto telah direklasifikasi sebagai "dwarf planet" oleh IAU. Paragraf kedua menjelaskan definisi planet menurut IAU dan mengapa Pluto tidak memenuhi kriteria tersebut. Paragraf ketiga membahas kontroversi yang muncul sebagai akibat dari keputusan IAU. Oleh karena itu, topik utama pasase adalah definisi sebuah planet.
According to the passage, which of the following is a criterion for a celestial body to be classified as a planet?
A. It must be the dominant object in its orbit.
B. It must be the smallest object in its orbit.
C. It must have at least one moon.
D. It must be located in the Kuiper Belt.
Jawaban: A. It must be the dominant object in its orbit.
Pembahasan: Paragraf kedua menjelaskan bahwa menurut IAU, planet harus menjadi objek dominan di orbitnya dan harus membersihkan jalan dari objek lain. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang benar adalah A.
What is the author's opinion of the IAU's decision to reclassify Pluto?
A. The author does not express an opinion.
B. The author agrees with the decision.
C. The author disagrees with the decision.
D. The author is unsure about the decision.
Jawaban: A. The author does not express an opinion.
Pembahasan: Meskipun paragraf ketiga menyebutkan bahwa keputusan IAU kontroversial, tidak ada indikasi dalam pasase bahwa penulis memiliki pendapat atau sikap tentang keputusan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang benar adalah A.
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